{"id":1874,"date":"2020-12-25T08:08:24","date_gmt":"2020-12-25T07:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/?p=1874"},"modified":"2020-12-16T21:58:49","modified_gmt":"2020-12-16T20:58:49","slug":"problemini-per-natale-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"Problemini per Natale 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nonostante il 2020, siamo comunque arrivati a Natale! Ecco i classici cinque problemini, basati quest&#8217;anno sul numero 2021. Per San Silvestro avrete anche le soluzioni, anche se non potrete usarle nel veglione&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Generiamo il 2021<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Siete capaci di ottenere 2021 usando le cifre da 1 a 9 in ordine crescente e in ordine decrescente usando solo somma, moltiplicazione, elevazione a potenza e concatenazione di cifre? Per esempio, 2017 = 12&sup3;+ 4\u00d756 + 7\u00d78 + 9 = 98 + 7\u00d76 + 5<sup>4<\/sup>\u00d73 + 2\u00d71.<br \/>\n<!-- https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1302.1479v5.pdf Inder Jeet Taneja --><br \/>\n<!-- Gli unici numeri concatenati sono 12, 89, 321; inoltre in entrambi i casi c'\u00e8 una parentesi con quattro numeri, due moltiplicati tra loro --><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1877\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/q491a\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q491a.png?fit=467%2C77&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"467,77\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"q491a\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;un&amp;#8217;operazione che non funziona&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q491a.png?fit=467%2C77&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/12\/q491a.png?resize=467%2C77\" alt=\"questa operazione non funziona\" width=\"467\" height=\"77\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1877\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q491a.png?w=467&amp;ssl=1 467w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q491a.png?resize=300%2C49&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Le cifre dei quadrati<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quanti sono i numeri interi da 1 a 2021 per i quali la somma delle cifre del loro quadrato \u00e8 esattamente 21?<br \/>\n<!-- https:\/\/math.stackexchange.com\/a\/3709781\/89 --><br \/>\n<!-- La radice numerica di un quadrato \u00e8 il quadrato della radice numerica del numero --><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1878\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/q492a\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q492a.png?fit=366%2C104&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"366,104\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"q492a\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q492a.png?fit=366%2C104&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/12\/q492a.png?resize=366%2C104\" alt=\"tanti quadrati\" width=\"366\" height=\"104\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1878\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q492a.png?w=366&amp;ssl=1 366w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q492a.png?resize=300%2C85&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Il potere del 7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cominciate con il numero <i>a<\/i><sub>1<\/sub> = 7, e costruite la successione <i>a<\/i><sub><i>n<\/i><\/sub> := a<sub><i>n<\/i>&minus;1<\/sub><sup>7<\/sup>. Qual \u00e8 la cifra meno significativa di <i>a<\/i><sub>2021<\/sub>?<br \/>\n<!-- Judita Cofman, What to Solve? OUP 1990, pag. 23 --><br \/>\n<!-- \u00c8 una questione di pari o dispari --><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1879\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/q493a\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q493a.png?fit=278%2C118&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"278,118\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"q493a\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q493a.png?fit=278%2C118&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/12\/q493a.png?resize=278%2C118\" alt=\"settima potenza\" width=\"278\" height=\"118\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1879\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>4. N\u00e9 somme n\u00e9 differenze<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ho costruito un insieme di numeri interi in cui \u00e8 impossibile trovarne due o la cui somma o la cui differenza sia divisibile per 2021, ma che non pu\u00f2 essere ampliato mantenendo tale caratteristica. Quanto \u00e8 grande il mio insieme?<br \/>\n<!--Sandro Campigotto, https:\/\/amzn.to\/3fHaKyV I giochi matematici di PhiQuadro, Scienza Express 2019, problema 6.7--><br \/>\n<!-- Considerate i resti modulo 2021 e prendete quelli \"piccoli\". --><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1880\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/q494a\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q494a.png?fit=506%2C106&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"506,106\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"q494a\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q494a.png?fit=506%2C106&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/12\/q494a.png?resize=506%2C106\" alt=\"la somma \u00e8 2021\" width=\"506\" height=\"106\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q494a.png?w=506&amp;ssl=1 506w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q494a.png?resize=300%2C63&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Cinque, sette, due<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ho preso un numero intero e l&#8217;ho moltiplicato per 5. Il risultato \u00e8 un numero di 2021 cifre, che ha un &#8220;5&#8221;, 1010 &#8220;7&#8221; e 1010 &#8220;2&#8221;. Qual \u00e8 la somma delle cifre del numero di partenza?<br \/>\n<!-- Sandro Campigotto, https:\/\/amzn.to\/3fHaKyV I giochi matematici di PhiQuadro, Scienza Express 2019, problema 6.12 --><br \/>\n<!-- Il numero finale comincia per 7 o per 2 --><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1881\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2020\/12\/25\/problemini-per-natale-2020\/q495a\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q495a.png?fit=461%2C91&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"461,91\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"q495a\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q495a.png?fit=461%2C91&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/12\/q495a.png?resize=461%2C91\" alt=\"il risultato\" width=\"461\" height=\"91\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1881\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q495a.png?w=461&amp;ssl=1 461w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/12\/q495a.png?resize=300%2C59&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I cinque usuali problemini<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Fibonacci I numeri di Fibonacci li conoscete tutti: si parte da F1=F2=1 (e se volete, F0=0) e da l\u00ec ogni numero \u00e8 la somma dei\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1459,"url":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2019\/04\/21\/problemini-per-pasqua-2019\/","url_meta":{"origin":1874,"position":1},"title":"Problemini per Pasqua 2019","author":".mau.","date":"21\/04\/2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Gli usuali cinque problemini da risolvere... stavolta pi\u00f9 semplici del solito","rel":"","context":"In \"quizzini\"","block_context":{"text":"quizzini","link":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/tag\/quizzini\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/04\/q381a.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":744,"url":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2016\/03\/27\/quizzini-pasqua-2016\/","url_meta":{"origin":1874,"position":2},"title":"Quizzini per Pasqua 2016","author":".mau.","date":"27\/03\/2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Come d'uso, ecco i quizzini pasquali","rel":"","context":"In \"quizzini\"","block_context":{"text":"quizzini","link":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/tag\/quizzini\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":483,"url":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2014\/12\/31\/risposte-ai-problemini-di-natale-2014\/","url_meta":{"origin":1874,"position":3},"title":"Risposte ai problemini di Natale 2014","author":".mau.","date":"31\/12\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Le risposte... giusto prima di Capodanno","rel":"","context":"In \"problemi\"","block_context":{"text":"problemi","link":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/tag\/problemi\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"[fiammiferi 3d]","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/xmau.com\/wp\/ilpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/12\/dic2014-angoli2.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2468,"url":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2011\/12\/31\/risposte-ai-problemini-natalizi-2011\/","url_meta":{"origin":1874,"position":4},"title":"Risposte ai problemini natalizi 2011","author":".mau.","date":"31\/12\/2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Le risposte ai problemini natalizi!","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ilpost.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/bloggers\/2011\/12\/8fiammiferi-risp.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1468,"url":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/2019\/04\/28\/risposte-ai-problemini-per-pasqua-2019\/","url_meta":{"origin":1874,"position":5},"title":"Risposte ai problemini per Pasqua 2019","author":".mau.","date":"28\/04\/2019","format":false,"excerpt":"A domande, risposte!","rel":"","context":"In \"quizzini\"","block_context":{"text":"quizzini","link":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/tag\/quizzini\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1874"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1890,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1874\/revisions\/1890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xmau.com\/ilpost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}